Tactualization of Spatial Information: towards a Perceptual-cognitive Approach to Tactile Map Design

Z-Cognitive Map: An Integrated Cognitive Maps and Z-Numbers Approach under Cognitive Information

Usually, in real-world engineering problems, there are different types of uncertainties about the studied variables, which can be due to the specific variables under investigation or interaction between them. Fuzzy cognitive maps, which addresses the cause-effect relation between variables, is one of the most common models for better understanding of the problems, especially when the quantitati...

Verbal Assistance in Tactile-Map Explorations: A Case for Visual Representations and Reasoning

Tactile maps offer access to spatial-analog information for visually impaired people. In contrast to visual maps, a tactile map has a lower resolution and can only be inspected in a sequential way, complicating the extraction of spatial relations among distant map entities. Verbal assistance can help to overcome these difficulties by substituting textual labels with verbal descriptions and offe...

THE EFFECT OF POSTERIOR CEREBRAL PULMONARY DIRECT ELECTRICAL STIMULATION (TDCS) ON IMPROVING SPATIAL, VISUAL, AND VERBAL PERCEPTUAL ABILITIES

Background & Aims: Direct electrical stimulation of the brain is a therapeutic technique that can be effective in improving visual, verbal, and spatial perception. The present study investigated the effect of direct electrical stimulation (tDCS) of the posterior parietal cortex on improving spatial, visual, and verbal perceptual abilities. Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study,...

Anticipation in Baseball: Differences in Using Spatial Cues between Skilled and Novice Players

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the differences between novice and skilled baseball players to anticipate the type of ball being pitched and to specify the players’ dependence on distributed or local kinematic spatial cues. Male baseball players (N= 15; Mage: 27.73 ± 6.28 years; baseball experience: 7.90 ± 5.69 years) and novices (N= 15; Mage: 23.10 ± 5.68 years; no playing exp...

Crime Prevention in Urban Design: towards Space Syntax Approach as a Quantitative Analytic Modeling of Qualitative Issue of Security (Based on Spatial Configuration)